{"id":2534,"date":"2022-11-02T08:17:04","date_gmt":"2022-11-02T08:17:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/?p=2534"},"modified":"2023-05-22T10:12:49","modified_gmt":"2023-05-22T10:12:49","slug":"ethereum-2-0-merge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/ethereum-2-0-merge\/","title":{"rendered":"Ethereum 2.0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_56_1 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/ethereum-2-0-merge\/#Whats_Ethereum_20\" title=\"What\u2019s Ethereum 2.0?\">What\u2019s Ethereum 2.0?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/ethereum-2-0-merge\/#From_Ethereum_to_Ethereum_20s_Beacon_Chain\" title=\"From Ethereum to Ethereum 2.0\u2019s Beacon Chain\">From Ethereum to Ethereum 2.0\u2019s Beacon Chain<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/ethereum-2-0-merge\/#Eth_20_and_eWASM\" title=\"Eth 2.0 and eWASM\">Eth 2.0 and eWASM<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/ethereum-2-0-merge\/#Main_differences_between_Ethereum_and_Ethereum_20\" title=\"Main differences between Ethereum and Ethereum 2.0\">Main differences between Ethereum and Ethereum 2.0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-s-ethereum-2-0\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Whats_Ethereum_20\"><\/span>What\u2019s Ethereum 2.0?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ethereum 2.0 also known as ETH2 is the upgrade in the consensus mechanism of the <a href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/courses\/how-does-ethereum-work-a-deepdive?ref=Article&amp;utm_source=Blog_Organic\">Ethereum Blockchain<\/a> from <a href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/proof-of-work-meaning\/\">Proof of Work<\/a> (PoW) to <a href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/proof-of-stake-pos-meaning\/\">Proof of Stake<\/a> (PoS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The long-awaited event in which <a href=\"http:\/\/metaschool.so\/blockchains\/ethereum?ref=Article&amp;utm_source=Blog_Organic\">Ethereum<\/a> converted into Ethereum 2.0 is called \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/the-merge-ethereum\/\">The Merge<\/a>\u2018, which<strong> <\/strong>happened in September 2022<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These changes were particularly done to increase the scalability and security of the network to make it capable of handling multiple transactions simultaneously. Ethereum 2.0 introduces a new PoS consensus mechanism, which is more energy-efficient and allows the network to process more transactions per second (TPS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It also includes features such as <a href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/sharding-meaning\/\">sharding<\/a> and cross-shard communication, which are designed to improve the scalability of the Ethereum network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"from-ethereum-to-ethereum-2-0-s-beacon-chain\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"From_Ethereum_to_Ethereum_20s_Beacon_Chain\"><\/span>From Ethereum to Ethereum 2.0\u2019s Beacon Chain<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For the upgrade to happen, a new structure was built alongside the main Ethereum Blockchain known as the Beacon Chain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Beacon Chain introduces the gossip protocol, under which nodes periodically transmit status information regarding themselves and other nodes they are aware of.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It also provides consensus logic which makes the Ethereum Blockchain even more secure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Ethereum 2.0 it was necessary to instruct and train the Beacon Chain in a way that it directly accepts transactions from the main Ethereum Chain and also organizes these transactions in the Ethereum blockchain using the PoS consensus mechanism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"eth-2-0-and-ewasm\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Eth_20_and_eWASM\"><\/span>Eth 2.0 and eWASM<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Remember <a href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/what-is-ethereum-virtual-machine-evm\/\">Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)<\/a>? eWASM is similar to that. After the exclusive roll-out, Eth 2.0 will support both EVM and eWASM (Ethereum flavored WebAssembly).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Compared to EVM, this one is much faster and supports a number of languages such as C++. EVM also supports different languages other than Solidity.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is based on WebAssembly, which is a popular standard for executable code on the web. Compatible with new technologies such as sharding and PoS, eWASM is also quite interoperable and flexible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"main-differences-between-ethereum-and-ethereum-2-0\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Main_differences_between_Ethereum_and_Ethereum_20\"><\/span>Main differences between Ethereum and Ethereum 2.0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Feature<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ethereum<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ethereum 2.0<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Consensus mechanism<\/td><td>PoW<\/td><td>PoS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TPS&nbsp;<\/td><td>15-45 TPS<\/td><td>100,000 TPS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transaction Fees<\/td><td>Usually higher<\/td><td>Comparatively lower<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Staking<\/td><td>You don\u2019t get paid for staking Ether<\/td><td>You get paid for staking Ether<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Smart contracts<\/td><td>Supports EVM<\/td><td>Can support both EVM and eWASM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Other differences between the two different types include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The upgradation of Ethereum 2.0 was done to make the chain even more secure. There are approximately more than 16,000 <a href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/validator-blockchain\/\">validators<\/a> of a <a href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/block-meaning-blockchain\/\">block<\/a> which make the network decentralized and secure.<\/li><li>In the old Ethereum, PoW miners had to compete with each other to solve a mathematical problem and whoever did it first would be able to validate the block. In the newly introduced PoS mechanism, the Ethereum Blockchain itself will determine the validators of blocks.<\/li><li>In Ethereum only 15 transactions could be done per second. The shard chain was implemented to increase transaction speed. Eth 2.0 doesn\u2019t necessarily need a child chain.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>Imagine Ethereum is a spaceship that isn\u2019t quite ready for an interstellar voyage. With the Beacon Chain, the community has built a new engine and a hardened hull. After significant testing, it\u2019s almost time to hot-swap the new engine for the old mid-flight.<\/em><\/p><p><\/p><cite><a href=\"https:\/\/ethereum.org\/en\/foundation\/#:~:text=About%20the%20Ethereum%20Foundation,even%20a%20traditional%20non%2Dprofit.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>The Ethereum Foundation<\/em><\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>In conclusion, Eth 2.0 is one of the big things in <a href=\"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/what-is-web3-guide\/\">web3<\/a>. It supports sharding, and PoS and has a different virtual machine &#8211; eWASM &#8211; altogether. It is definitely a positive move towards a sustainable decentralized ecosystem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5427,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[51,31,74],"class_list":["post-2534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-web3-crypto-glossary","tag-blockchain","tag-ethereum-blockchain","tag-web3-glossary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2534"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5736,"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2534\/revisions\/5736"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metaschool.so\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}